IRIS SENSOR, The next level of Smartphone Security!

We have been amazed by various tech related with smartphone security till date. We do remember the time when pincodes were the only way of protecting a smartphone. Then swipe pattern security came with a bit more easier approach and now at fingerprint sensor which provides optimal security with around 50 ‘points of comparison’ .All these should be matched with the prerecorded pattern inorder to unlock the device. There are also other couple of security features like facial recognition which is not at all times is perfect. These transitions reduced  the interaction with the device to unlock the device. As pattern lock was made for comfortableness fingerprint sensors enabled more of it with additional security. And has been proved with devices like iphone 5s, Galaxy s5, S6, iphone 6, 6plus, and yes the upcoming One plus Two (Rumored).But hey, Tech is Infinity and it never ends. Lets take a look at the next level of smartphone security, The Iris Sensor.

Fujitsu Prototype at MWC

                       What is an Iris Sensor? How it works? How it is more secure than Fingerprint sensor? Lets find out! An iris sensor is a sensor which determines the unique features of your eye inorder to lock or unlock the device. As like the fingerprints no two humans have an identical retina, even for the twins. But what is Iris? It is the colored muscle that encircles the pupil of the eye which expands and contracts according to the incoming light. ( Melanin determines the color pigment, where more browner and the less, blacker) .So the sensor determines each and every texture of this Iris inorder to determine the identity. The first smartphone with an iris sensor to have is the Fujitsu smartphone prototype which has been displayed at the MWC ( Mobile Word Congress) of 2015.

How does Iris sensor work in a smartphone? An Iris sensor requires a camera and an infrared sensor inorder to determine the Iris. The camera simply scans the visible features of the Iris and the infrared scanner enables to scan and  determine the textures and features of the Iris which is invisible with naked eye. After scanning these features the Iris scanning software generates an unique ID called ‘Iris Code’  and embeds the details into that ID. This code consists of about 512 digits. No two Iris will have identical number. The process of Iris security has two phases.

1-Enrollment
2-Verification

The Enrollment process includes registering you Iris features to the Device. This makes use of the two cameras and the Iris software detects and removes unnecessary parts like eyelashes and then analyzes and generates the 512 digit Iris Code and stores it.

At the Verification process the Two cameras again analyzes the Iris and generate the 512 digit code

and then compares with its stored database for the same number. If found the device will be unlocked or else will be discarded as unauthorized access.

      Now, how is it more secure than Fingerprint sensors? The Finger Print sensor makes use of about 50 unique features of the fingerprint for security. But the Iris scanner uses about 240 unique features of the Iris. So it is clear that the Iris scanner is undoubtedly almost 5 times more secure than Fingerprint scanners. Since the working prototype has been revealed, It is soon intended to arrive on consumer versions. Samsung is also rumored to pack an Iris sensor on it’s upcoming smartphones soon.

Virtual Rality and Augmented Reality: Comparitively explained

VR Display

We are on an era of constant and inclining technological advancement in the field of Gadgets.From the invention of wireless devices towards touch screen devices and in turn Smartphones.A Smartphone is a device which packs various sensors like gyrometer ,accelerometer, fingerprint scanners, proximity and now at the edge of iris sensors.But the time has come for this form factor to change. Virtual headsets and Augmented reality headsets are going to replace the now ageing touchscreen technology.But what is Virtual Reality and Augmented reality? How it works? Are they two distinct phrases? Is there any difference between these two? Lets find out!

Oculus Rift

                           Virtual Reality is a term used to define any sort of simulation using advanced gadgets.It simulates a virtual environment without being there for yourself.You can be at  the place of volcano without going there.or experience deep underwater world, or indulge in to a never existing imaginated fantasy world.All these with the help of VR devices.The most compact form of VR device now is the OCULUS RIFT.But how does it work? A virtual headset is a device which packs advanced sensors that tracks head movement, Lenses for visual perspective and a display for the virtual experience.

Google Cardboard

talking about the sensor, It has Head tracking accomplished with 1000 Hz absolute 9DOF orientation sensor (includes gyroscope, accelerometer, and magnetometer).As for a simplest example, take the case of water level app in your smartphone.Yes ,it makes use of accelerometer, See how it performs 100 % accurate.Thus it is not a magical achievement.It just took time for someone to think about it, and is now a reality.What an accelerometer does? Lets look into it. piezoelectric effect is the most common form of accelerometer used n these devices and it uses microscopic crystal structures that become stressed due to accelerative forces. These crystals create a voltage from this stress, and the accelerometer interprets and calculates the voltage to determine velocity and orientation of the actual movement.Gyroscope helps measure the orientation levels and the magnetometer helps analyze the magnetic properties.all these constitutes the sensors of VR devices.In addition smartphones can also be used as VR as it has all the sensors packed in a VR headset ,by adding it with Google's Cardboard which packs two lenses and slot for placing the smartphone.

Holographic Experience( Photo: Microsoft Ad.)

                           Augmented Reality is another term which refer to the use of virtual reality immersed into the real world.It acts as a form of assistance enabling doing tasks in a real world environment.It is also known or called as Holograms.The device which enables augmented reality is the Microsoft Holo Lens which is already under developed and will be in market soon.This device also uses head tracking sensors and in addition it uses an energy efficient depth camera, a microphone array,and a Photographic Videographic Camera which captures the real world.The depth camera analyzes the external environment for the purpose of placing holograms according to the application.The main advantage of thus device is architectural designing making concept models at an instance and without paper calculations. This tech helps them design in the real world as Holograms.This also helps in gaming.Imagine suddenly an alien comes to your room.This is possible with Holo Lens.
                 
                           At the end of the day, VR and AR are the same except that AR devices packs some additional sensors and camera for the purpose of integrating the real world with virtual world.where as VR devices completely takes you into a virtual world.By using it you are completely blinded from the real world.Both are to be out for sale this year and are expected to shake up the gadget sector.

Does PIXELS PER INCH really matter? But how far?: Logically Explained!

Regardless of the device you use, display is the most important part of a device.By the invent of touch screens the display has become a two way interaction surface.Thus to be dealt with the most important part of the smartphone or your desktop,it is vital for it to be more and more user friendly and biocompatible.
The factor which determine the quality of display is resolution.To be more precise Pixels Per Inch  ( PPI ).It is the actual number of pixels that can show color at each square inch of the display.From the past we have been getting improved display with increasing PPI values.from the old 256 k color 140p displays with mere 140 PPI towards 8 k displays.In the past no one cared for the PPI value of the screen.but with the advent of newer techs in smartphones, the supply of better displays have been made.Gradually we are also made to like those insanely high PPI Displays.The range is now at whopping 577 PPI with the release of Samsung galaxy S6 which packs a 4k AMOLED panel over the 5.2 inch display.
                                                                               But the question is ,how much PPI can human eyes actually recognize with his naked eye? It depends upon the viewing distance.That is the distance between our eyes and the display surface.The normal viewing distance for healthy viewing is 12 inches.For that distance,the utmost number of PPI a human can see is around 300 PPI.The more closer you go near the display, more the pixel will appear.But is there any benefits with smartphones with 577 PPI? The answer is Yes! A  human eye can see no pixels at 12 inches distance,but can spot pixels as he moves closer below 12 inches.But how far? The minimum focal length of a human eye is about 4 inches.We cant focus on anything closer than 4 inches from our eyes.So there is a breaking point for this PPI war. Which at 4 inches, when calculated the PPI with no pixelation at this point is 876 PPI. Which is for a human with 20/20 score in eyesight.So that is the breaking point for this PPI war by smartphone manufacturers.But why should we look at a smartphone display from that breaking point distance?Is it a marketing gimmick? No,the next era of smartphone is virtual reality which already is in existence like google cardboards for smartphones.This requires viewing distance of almost close to 4 inches and it is required for better immersive VR experience.Now you know that smartphones manufacturers are determined and aimed for the future than mere marketing gimmicks.

PPI Representation.

But can these increasing PPI rates be useful to the human eyes?do they reduce eye strain? The answer is YES.It has been scientifically proven that increasing PPI's reduces eye strain.As low pixel rate will make human eyes strain to recognize and connect pixels into a picture or alphabet (although it is involuntary).This has been proved  long before since smartphones are invented.Lets take the case of magazines.The magazines are printed in 300 PPI. magazines are recommended to be read from a distance of 12 inches from it's surface.Thus we wont be able to notice any pixelation. This reduces eye strain.Smartphones with much higher PPI rates can be viewed closer and we wont notice any pixels at all and thereby low strain as compared to low PPI displays.Lets find out what the next step of display tech be, after reaching the breaking point in time frame.
                                                                

Nano Crystal and QD Displays: Display Tech.

Samsung Nano Crystal TV

Display technology have been emerged through various phases.From LCD's to TFT's, IPS, OLED ,Quantum Dots and now Nano Crystal.Before proceeding lets see what Quantum dots are? Although all of those, apart from OLED are basically LCD with backlighting technology.
OLED carries self lighting capability providing much more viewing angles and deeper blacks than any other displays.But they are made from organic particles and thus are expensive to produce and degrade over time reducing display performance ,Quantum dots and nano crystals are emerging as they are non organic and lasts more than OLEDs.

                                             To be honest the Nano crystals are only a Samsung modified version of quantum dot Displays.They are placed on top of basic LCDs as a layer to transmit the backlight in a more efficient way.Thus it is a thin film which transmit and separates color.From older LCD tech,It enabled a more pure filteration for accurate colors and contrast levels.It includes Semiconductor Nanocrystals which perform as and when electrically charged.

                           

Flexible Display Prototype

Nano Crystals makes use of QD technology with smaller crystals (as the name specifies) which will deliver a more sharper picture.So basically both are same with two trade names.QDs particles rage from between 2nm to 10nm and nanoparticles range from 1nm to 100nm.So minute difference in their particle size as mentioned in nanometers which is equal to 1.0 X 10 raised to -7.Both are flexible and can be attached to any type of LCD's and curve screens.

With so much of display tech still coming,
like Flexible curved screens and rolling screens made by Samsung, which is already patended and prototyped,we could witness a display revolution soon.

Ask me Infinity...

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                    Here is a chance for you to clarify all  your doubts relating to smartphones and smartphone tech. Most of you should be confused on which smartphone to choose, from the countless number of them launching every week. Dont waste time researching yourselves.We are here to do the research and all you need to specify is your price range and needs.We will suggest the best Smartphone for you.

Ask your doubts and queries on anything related with Smartphone purchase and tech,in the comment box below

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What is Force Touch? :Explained!

Force touch   Photograph: Apple

   We recently came to hear a lot about the force touch technology specified for the next apple flagship.But what really is it? How does it differ from ordinary touchscreen panel? Lets find out.

                  An ordinary touch screen panel works like digital codes...ie; yes or no. if it detects touch it will do the corresponding action specified on the screen.It uses static charge to determine touch.No matter how hard or light you press , you get the same result.You might have probably used capacitive touch screen for the first time and been said no need to touch hard.But hey, The force touch is coming back to capacitive. This is to showcase on the next big Iphone flagship (as rumors say).


The force touch uses a film to detect not only the touch response but the sensitivity and intensity of the touch we apply.this is by adding another layer of intensity meters called 'Force sensors' beneath the capacitive pannel.It has been successfully implemented on recent apple trackpads and on apple watch being successfully proved useful.In addition it will also pack a 'Taptic Engine' that would tap back the user as a matter of accepted signal.This feedback would enable the feel of physical keyboards in touch screens and will inturn develop the keyboard tech in the near future.


Apple may use its force touch capabilities in the next Iphone as a hard press for going to the home screen.This also debates the elimination of apple's Home key with touch keys.In the coming days we may expect the release of Iphone 6s with force touch enabled as it is already in rumors and further to other devices like Samsung and LG.

                                  

USB-Type C: The standardisation begins.

Type C Connector

                                                                    Gadgets have evolved towards tinification along with betterment and improvisations over time. Thus the integration between mobile devices and static devices is becoming an increasing demand.You cant always get yourself couple of connectors and stuffs to connect and integrate your devices for synchronization.Having to carry charger for each of your devices is frustating  as most of us prefer compactness.Here comes the significance of standards.The Samsung introduced mobile chargers called micro USB ports made a beginning but still integration of mobile devices still taken care of by connectors.The era of large USB connectors are nearing the extinction process, as the newest in this segment is now emerged as USB type C.Who wants to care of cable voltage guides and compatibility? Type C eradicates them all! Over the traditional ports namely USB Type A, which most of us are familiar, These new type C enables heavy benefits.  

Benefits

                    USB Type C is just a connector shape enabling reversible connection regardless of the port shape.The USB 3.1 behind this port is the bull, carrying speeds of upto 10 gbps rather than 5 gbps of USB 3.0.
                                                     
Benefit of USB Type C over USB 3.1 is power benefits. an old USB Type A would provide you with minimal options ie; to charge your smartphone.Those ports provide a mere 2.5 watts max power pump.Where as laptop device requires atleast 70 watts of power.Here Type C provides almost 100 watts pumping through its port.That calls for acting as both host and client while charging.(Normally charge flows from host to client, where a more powered device usually acts as a host eg.while charging mobile phone using your laptop, the laptop acts as a host and the latter the client.).So a device can either send or recieve power.And this power can be transferred at the same time the device is transmitting data across the connection.

With apple's Macbook and Google Chromebook using these ports for charging themselves.This could change the way we use cables soon with no need for charger compatibility issues.These C types with USB 3.1 could unify the standards of cables.

          The upcoming One Plus Two and the further galaxy series are to debut Type C in their devices with Apple's Iphone 6 already hitting the Type C in their spec sheets earlier this year.